How does qualitative analysis differ from quantitative analysis?

Qualitative analysis is primarily focused on identifying the components or constituents present in a sample. It aims to answer questions about the "what" – what substances are in the mixture. This type of analysis can utilize various methods, such as colorimetric tests, chromatography, or spectrometry, to detect the presence of specific compounds.

Quantitative analysis, on the other hand, is concerned with measuring the amounts or concentrations of these components. It provides data on the "how much" of each substance is present in the sample, often using techniques such as titration, gravimetric analysis, or various forms of spectroscopy that yield numerical data.

The distinction reinforces the roles these two types of analysis play in scientific inquiry and practical applications. While qualitative analysis tells you what is there, quantitative analysis tells you how much is there, and together they provide a comprehensive understanding of a substance's composition.