What defines a dilute solution in a chemical context?

A dilute solution is characterized by having a low concentration of solute relative to the solvent. In chemistry, when we talk about concentration, we refer to the amount of solute present in a given volume of solvent. A dilute solution means that there is significantly more solvent compared to the amount of solute, resulting in a weaker or less concentrated mixture. This concept is fundamental in various chemical processes, where the reactivity and properties of a solution can be influenced by how much solute is dissolved in the solvent.

The other options represent different states of solutions that do not align with the definition of a dilute solution. For example, a solution with a high concentration of solute would be considered concentrated, and a solution with equal concentrations of solute and solvent would not fit the definition of either a dilute or concentrated solution—it would indicate a more balanced composition. Lastly, a saturated solution is one in which no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent at a given temperature and pressure, which also contrasts with the idea of dilution. Thus, the defining feature of a dilute solution is its low solute concentration relative to the solvent.