Which of the following describes covalent bonds?

Covalent bonds are characterized by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. This sharing allows each atom to attain the electron configuration of a stable noble gas, which is key for chemical stability. This is different from ionic bonds, which involve the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another, typically between metals and non-metals. In covalent bonding, both atoms exert attractive forces on the shared electrons, which helps bond them together.

The sharing of electrons can occur between non-metals, which forms the basis for many molecular compounds. This trait allows molecules to demonstrate unique properties, such as varying shapes and reactivity. The idea that covalent bonds must involve metals is incorrect, as covalent bonds primarily occur between non-metals. Furthermore, bonds that do not involve any electron participation would not be considered covalent, highlighting that electron sharing is fundamental to their definition. Thus, the description of covalent bonds is accurately captured by the concept of sharing electrons, making it a key characteristic of this type of bond.